Description

Species Background
Apistogramma borellii is a small South American dwarf cichlid native to the slow-moving streams, floodplains, and shallow tributaries of the Paraguay and Paraná river basins in Brazil, Paraguay, and northern Argentina. These waters are often lightly stained with tannins from leaf litter and surrounded by dense vegetation.

Unlike some Apistogramma species that come from extremely soft blackwater environments, A. borellii naturally occurs in slightly broader water conditions, which contributes to its reputation as one of the more adaptable dwarf cichlids in aquariums.

Selective breeding has produced several color forms such as “Opal,” “Yellow,” and “Gold” borellii, though the species remains close to its wild appearance compared to many other ornamental cichlids.

Behavior and Temperament
Apistogramma borellii are generally considered one of the more peaceful Apistogramma species. Males establish small territories but are far less aggressive than many dwarf cichlids.

They do well in planted community aquariums with calm tankmates and plenty of visual barriers such as driftwood, plants, and leaf litter. A single male can be kept with one or more females, and the species is commonly maintained in pairs or small harems.

During breeding, females become protective of their cave or spawning site but rarely cause serious harm to other fish.

Adult Size
Adults typically reach 2–2.5 inches, with males growing slightly larger and developing longer fins and brighter coloration than females.

Water Parameters

Temperature
72–80°F

pH
6.0–7.8

GH
2–12 dGH

KH
1–6 dKH

Apistogramma borellii tolerates cooler temperatures than many dwarf cichlids and often thrives in the mid-70s°F range.

Diet
These fish are small carnivores that feed on micro-invertebrates in the wild. In aquariums they readily accept high-quality prepared foods and frozen items.

Good staple foods include:

• Quality micro pellets or cichlid granules

• Frozen bloodworms

• Brine shrimp

• Daphnia

• Small live foods such as baby brine shrimp or microworms

A varied diet helps maintain coloration and breeding condition.

Tank Requirements
A 10–20 gallon aquarium is suitable for a pair, while larger tanks allow multiple females or community setups.

Aquascapes with plants, driftwood, and small caves mimic their natural habitat and provide important territorial structure. Leaf litter, botanicals, and shaded areas help them feel secure.

Gentle filtration and stable water conditions are ideal.

Why They’re Popular
Apistogramma borellii are popular because they combine colorful dwarf cichlid personality with relatively peaceful behavior. Their manageable size, adaptability, and interesting breeding habits make them one of the best entry points into keeping Apistogramma species.

In planted aquariums they add subtle color and constant curiosity without the aggression commonly associated with larger cichlids.